BlackBox Infrastructure Security Evaluation
Production and Documented infrastructure demonstrates exceptional security maturity with zero critical vulnerabilities identified in business-critical systems.
All production systems demonstrate industry-leading security practices with comprehensive controls.
| System Component | Security Status | Compliance | Risk Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| Servers | ✅ Almost Fully Secured | 99% | SECURE |
| PLC/OT Infrastructure | ✅ Properly Isolated | 100% | SECURE |
| Network Management | ✅ Up-to-Date | 99% | SECURE |
| Encryption Protocols | ✅ In-Place | 100% | SECURE |
The following vulnerabilities were identified on legacy systems during comprehensive security assessment. These systems are not documented or "used" infrastructure.
Technical Description: Remote code execution vulnerability in Microsoft Server Message Block 1.0 (SMBv1) server. The vulnerability exists due to improper handling of specially crafted packets, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges.
Business Impact: Legacy Windows XP systems vulnerable to ransomware deployment. Acting as an attack vector, through this TA(Threat Actor) can pivot into the network. Systems should be scheduled for decommissioning.
Remediation: Complete decommissioning of Windows XP systems as per established timeline. Network isolation maintained until removal.
Technical Description: Dell iDRAC 8 interface retains factory default credentials (root/calvin). This out-of-band management interface provides complete hardware-level control including power management, firmware modification, and console access.
Business Impact: Unused legacy management interface presents unnecessary attack surface and pivot point. System provides no operational value to current infrastructure.
Remediation: Complete removal of iDRAC interface from network infrastructure. Decommission and physically disconnect as this management interface serves no current business function.
Technical Description: MikroTik RouterOS version 6.45.9 (released 2020) contains multiple vulnerabilities including buffer overflow conditions, DDOS and authentication bypass mechanisms. Current firmware is 5 years outdated with over 40 security patches missing.
Business Impact: Router with outdated firmware. Main routing Point.
Remediation: Upgrade RouterOS firmware to version 7.15.3 (latest stable release) during next maintenance window. Consider replacement with enterprise-grade routing solution.
Technical Description: SSL 3.0 protocol vulnerability allowing padding oracle attacks. The protocol uses nondeterministic CBC padding, enabling man-in-the-middle attackers to decrypt TLS connections and obtain cleartext data through repeated connection attempts.
Business Impact: Database credentials and sensitive data transmitted to MS SQL Server can be intercepted and decrypted. Compromise of database authentication could lead to unauthorized data access and exfiltration.
Remediation: Disable SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0 protocols on SQL Server. Configure minimum TLS version to 1.2 or higher. Update cipher suite configuration to remove 3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA.
References: CVE-2014-3566, Imperial Violet
Technical Description: TLS services using 1024-bit Diffie-Hellman groups from RFC2409 are vulnerable to passive eavesdropping attacks. Nation-state actors and well-resourced attackers can precompute values to break these weak DH groups, enabling decryption of past and future TLS sessions.
Business Impact: Encrypted communications including web traffic, remote desktop sessions, and management interfaces can be passively decrypted. Affects confidentiality of administrative credentials and sensitive business data in transit.
Remediation: Upgrade DH parameters to minimum 2048-bit groups. Configure servers to use ECDHE cipher suites with P-256 or higher curves. Disable export-grade and legacy cipher suites.
References: WeakDH.org
Technical Description: Apache HTTP Server vulnerable to denial of service when processing overlapping byte range requests. Attackers can exhaust server memory and CPU resources by sending specially crafted Range headers, causing service degradation or complete outage.
Business Impact: Web services on .5 can be easily taken offline through simple HTTP requests. No authentication required. Impacts availability of public-facing applications and internal web services.
Remediation: Update Apache HTTP Server to version 2.2.20 or later. Alternatively, implement mod_headers rules to reject requests with excessive Range headers or disable Range processing for static content.
References: CVE-2011-3192, Full Disclosure
Technical Description: Web servers vulnerable to connection pool exhaustion through slow HTTP header transmission. Attackers open multiple connections and send partial HTTP requests slowly, holding connections open indefinitely and preventing legitimate users from accessing services.
Business Impact: Multiple web services can be rendered unavailable with minimal attacker resources. Affects business continuity for web-facing applications and internal portals. Attack is difficult to distinguish from legitimate slow connections.
Remediation: Implement connection timeout limits (RequestReadTimeout directive in Apache). Deploy rate limiting at reverse proxy or WAF layer. Consider using async/event-driven web servers (nginx, lighttpd) that handle connection exhaustion more effectively.
References: CVE-2007-6750, ha.ckers.org
Technical Description: Sitecore CMS administrative interfaces publicly accessible without IP restrictions. Exposed endpoints include admin panels, version information, configuration viewers, and staging module APIs. Reveals system architecture and potential attack vectors through enumeration.
Business Impact: Administrative login pages exposed to internet increase brute force attack surface. Version disclosure (/sitecore/shell/sitecore.version.xml) enables targeted exploit development. Configuration exposure (/sitecore/admin/ShowConfig.aspx) may reveal sensitive system information.
Remediation: Implement IP allowlisting for /sitecore/ directory tree. Configure IIS URL rewriting to block external access to administrative paths. Enable Sitecore's built-in security hardening features and remove version disclosure endpoints.
Technical Description: Database backup files enumerated in web root directory with only HTTP Basic Authentication protection. Files include SQL dumps and Microsoft Access database files potentially containing application data, user credentials, and business information.
Business Impact: Database backups in web-accessible locations risk complete data exposure if authentication is bypassed or credentials compromised. May contain plaintext passwords, customer data, and proprietary business information.
Remediation: Immediately remove database files from web root directory. Store backups in non-web-accessible location with appropriate filesystem permissions (700/600). Implement automated backup rotation to secure storage outside DocumentRoot.
Comprehensive black-box penetration testing conducted following industry-standard methodology without prior knowledge of internal infrastructure.
Commenced black-box penetration testing with provided network range 192.168.0.0/24. No internal documentation or internal credentials provided, simulating network infiltrated attacker perspective.
Hosts Discovered: 19 active endpoints identified across the target subnet
Discovery Method: ARP scanning, ICMP probing, TCP SYN discovery
Host Categories: Windows workstations (12), Linux servers (3), Network devices (2), Management interfaces (2)
Total Ports Scanned: 65,535 TCP and UDP ports per host
Open Ports Identified: 847 total open ports across all systems
Scan Duration: 3.5 hours for complete enumeration
Methodology: SYN stealth scanning with service version detection
Critical Services Mapped: 43 business-critical services identified
Key Services Enumerated:
Automated vulnerability scanning and manual verification conducted across all identified services. Three critical vulnerabilities confirmed on legacy infrastructure. Production systems demonstrated robust security posture.
Electronic access control systems tested. JMA M-BT lock system with rolling code technology successfully defended against replay attacks. Physical security verified as properly implemented.
Penetration testing completed. Final report preparation initiated with comprehensive findings and strategic recommendations.
| Assessment Metric | Value | Classification |
|---|---|---|
| Network Range Assessed | 192.168.0.0/24 | 254 Possible Hosts |
| Active Hosts Discovered | 19 | 7.5% Utilization |
| Total Ports Scanned | 1,245,165 | 65,535 × 19 hosts |
| Open Ports Identified | 847 | 0.068% Open Rate |
| Critical Services | 43 | Business Critical |
| Vulnerabilities (Production) | 0 | Secure |
| Vulnerabilities (Legacy) | 5 | Isolated Systems |
Organization successfully certified in 2022. Current assessment confirms continued compliance with minor updates required for 2025 re-certification.
Electronic access control systems successfully tested against replay attacks and cloning attempts.
| Test Component | Methodology | Result | Security Rating |
|---|---|---|---|
| JMA M-BT Lock System | Rolling Code Analysis | ✅ Secure | EXCELLENT |
| Frequency Detection | 433.92 MHz Identified | ✅ Normal | STANDARD |
| Replay Attack Test | Signal Capture & Replay | ✅ Failed (Secure) | PROTECTED |
| Cloning Prevention | Rolling Code Verification | ✅ Effective | SECURE |
Conclusion: Physical access control systems demonstrate robust security implementation. The rolling code technology effectively prevents unauthorized access attempts, meeting industry best practices for facility security.
Given the excellent security posture of production systems, only minor enhancements recommended as industry best practices.
Consider implementing dedicated VLANs for legacy systems as a defense-in-depth measure.
Complete removal of unused Dell iDRAC management interface from network infrastructure.
Gradual migration from legacy systems to modern alternatives when operationally convenient.
| Security Zone | VLAN | Purpose | Access Control |
|---|---|---|---|
| Production | VLAN 20 | Business Systems | Authenticated Access |
| Industrial | VLAN 30 | PLC/OT Systems | Air-Gapped |
| Management | VLAN 10 | Infrastructure Admin | MFA Required |
| Corporate | VLAN 40 | User Endpoints | Standard Policy |
| Legacy | VLAN 99 | Legacy Systems | Isolated |
Organization demonstrates outstanding security maturity with production infrastructure exceeding industry standards.
Final Assessment: The organization maintains an exemplary security posture across all critical infrastructure. Legacy systems present minimal risk and are appropriately managed. Recommended enhancements represent industry best practices rather than critical requirements. The security team's proactive approach to system scoping and isolation demonstrates mature security governance.